Bogus commercial heraldry....

[macwilkin]

Todd,

I think you'll find that the present trend (for the last several hundred years) outside of Scotland, is against cadency marks, with the exception of the Royals, who are often given a completely differenced coat. Otherwise, things become an impenetrable thicket of cadency marks. The Scottish system, of course, is designed to make things easier by using bordures.

True, I did forget to mention bordures, but I cannot agree that the lack of cadency labels has created a de facto "family arms" in the UK.

T.